With modern technologies coming into the picture, time is changing in the world of web development. The older ones are getting updated and with it, the preference & value of the technical languages is increasing. Because of this, it becomes difficult for businesses to choose the right programming language for their next project.
Having said that, there are some of the most popular programming languages like .NET, Java, and Python. All these languages are popular. So, let us go through the difference between Java vs .NET vs Python and see which is the best one for your project.
What is Java Programming Language?
Java is a top object-oriented programming language. It was initially created by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems in 1995. Java is an undeniably popular language that follows a structure like C and C++ with some low-level hardships. Besides this, Java is an autonomous language. This means that WORA (Write Once Run Anywhere). You can run the Java code on various stages without recompiling it.
Some of the popular apps like Twitter, Spotify, Cash App, Signal, Netflix, Uber, and more are developed using Java. Java GitHub Stars are 34.1k.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Java
Some of the Top Advantages of Java Are –
Simple
As we know by now, Java is a very simple programming language. It is very easy to learn and understand the language. The syntax of Java is based on C++, and it follows an approach that uses automatic garbage collection. Because of this, there is no need to remove the unreferenced objects from memory. In addition to this, Java has also removed some of the features like operator overloading and explicit pointers to make it easy to read and write.
Secured
Java is known as a secured programming language and this is the reason why it is not using Explicit pointers. In addition to this Java programs are the ones that run inside the virtual machine sandbox. And here the JRE offers a class loader that is used to load the class of your code into JVM dynamically.
Object-Oriented
Java is a technology that uses an object-oriented paradigm and this is the reason why it is more practical. Besides, in Java, everything is an object that takes care of both behavior and data. Java is a language that uses object-oriented concepts like class, object, inheritance, encapsulation, abstraction, and polymorphism.
Some of the Top Disadvantages of Java Are –
Performance
When it comes to Java, there comes a requirement to interpret it during runtime and this enables it to run on every operating system. But this approach also makes it perform slower than some other languages like C and C++.
Memory Consumption
A Java program is something that consumes more memory as it runs on top of a JVM (Java virtual machine).
What is .NET Web Development Language?
.NET is a free, open-source, cross-stage, designer stage for creating various types of applications. .NET comes with various web development tools that can be used by developers to make their tasks easy. With the use of this programming language, you can utilize various libraries and dialects to work for mobile, web, and IoT. Basically, .NET is an open-source designer stage that is created by Microsoft for developing different types of apps. Besides, this technology is used to compose .NET applications in C#, Visual C++, F#, or Visual Basic.
Some of the top brands that are using .NET are Accenture, Stack Overflow, Starbucks, Microsoft, and more. .Net GitHub Stars are 15.2K.
Advantages and Disadvantages of .NET
Some of the major advantages of .NET –
Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)
.NET is one of the technologies that is based on object-oriented programming (OOP). And it divides the software into smaller chunks and then enables the developers to work on them one at a time.
Visual Studio
.NET is a programming language that comes with the Visual Studio IDE (Integrated Development Environment) and this tool enables the developers to create apps without any issues.
Great Caching System
.NET has a simple caching system that makes it easy and reliable to temporarily store data.
Some of the major disadvantages of .NET –
Object-Relational Support Issues
The entity framework is something that makes the object-relational programming (OOP) of .NET. There are some problems with the flexibility of this framework and it may not support the emerging ones.
Vendor lock-in
As we know that .NET bundle is under Microsoft, so this is quite unfortunate that any limitations or changes that come with the company might impose some issues on the projects that are created under this framework. And because of this, the developers will lose control.
What is Python Programming Language?
Python is a deciphered programming language that was created in 1991, by Guido Van Rossum. Python is a general-purpose programming language that comes with tremendous library support for creating and executing different projects. It is a language that creates an article-based methodology that expects to help the developers with composing sensible and clear code for different activities. Some of the popular applications created using Python are – YouTube, Quora, Pinterest, Google, Instagram, and more. Python GitHub Stars are 35.8K.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Python
Some of the major advantages of Python
Easy to Learn, Read, and Write
Python is one such high-level programming language that comes with a syntax that is just like English. And because of this Python becomes the easiest language to read and understand code. This is why many beginners prefer to go with Python and not any other language. With Python, you need fewer lines of code to run a program that might require long code in other languages like C/C++ and Java.
Interpreted Language
Python is an interpreted language and this means that it can directly execute the code line by line. If any type of error occurs, the further execution backs the error. Besides, Python is a technology that shows only one error even if the code has many. And this makes it easier for the developers to debug the code.
Improved Productivity
Being a productive language, Python enables the developers to focus on solving the problem. They don’t need to spend a lot of time understanding the syntax of the language.
Some of the major disadvantages of Python are
Slow Speed
As we know that Python is a dynamically-typed and interpreted language that enables the execution of the code line-by-line. But this process may lead to slow execution. Besides, the dynamic nature of the Python programming language is also the reason behind its slow speed. So, software engineers avoid using Python where speed is an important factor.
Not Memory Efficient
In order to offer simplicity, Python has to trade off a little and use a large amount of memory. And this can be a disadvantage.
Comparison – Java vs .NET vs Python Programming Languages
All the three technologies discussed here are excellent at their place, but there are some things that are different. So let us go through the comparison between Java vs .Net vs Python.
Popularity
When it comes to popularity, all the three technologies, .Net, Java, and Python, are popular. The majority of the developers recommend these technologies for web development. Between these three technologies, Python and Java are the most commonly used programming languages.
As per a survey by Stack Overflow of 2020, around 41.6% and 38.4% of developers generally prefer to use Python and Java, respectively.
Language Support
One of the main reasons behind using Java is that it shares a particular language over different platforms. But the programs that developers write on it work freely across various OS models. Besides, Java supports various languages like Scala, Ruby, Groovy, Python, and Kotlin.
Besides this, .NET is a technology that supports around 20 languages. .NET framework supports languages like C# and C++ that are useful for both web and backend development.
Python is a programming language that supports the code written in other languages like C, C#, and Java. So, after seeing this you can say that Java is a language that supports a single language over multiple platforms. And in the same place, .NET and Python are the languages that other languages.
Learning Curve
.NET and Python are simple and easy-to-learn languages but at the same time, Java is comparably harder. Coding with Java is somehow more complex than Python and .NET. And that is why when a developer is working with Java, the chances of errors are higher. So, here Python and .NET win.
Performance
When it comes to performance, all three languages, Java, .NET, and Python, offer a great one. But they do work differently. Java is a language that is defined by static-typing syntax. And with its syntax, the compilation is simple and faster than dynamic-typed syntax. This means that the chances of errors are less.
Besides, in Python, the code is typed in dynamic-type syntax which is not very flexible. But at the same time, .NET helps it in offering leading performance.
Security
Security is one of the most primary concerns when it comes to an application and this is why it feels that open-source platforms like Python and Java are not much secure to work with. But .NET comes with security.
Conclusion
As seen in this blog, all three Python, Java, and .NET come with top-level features that enable the developers to create an amazing web application for various businesses. And the selection between these technologies is difficult but once the business owner is clear with the business requirement, he can hire a Java developer or a .NET app developer, or a Python developer for the web app development project.
